Netherlands:Second conference of peace in The Hague (see 1899), 44 nations participating:
Agreement about the regulation of land war; the Permanent Court of Arbitration is established for the
peaceful settlement of international disputes.
Russia:Session of the 2
nd ("Duma of the people's fury") and the
3
rd ("Duma of the masters, the priests and the amateurish") Duma (parliament).
Grigori Rasputin (1872-1916)
wins influence over the czar and the court's politics.
Sweden:Gustav
V (1858-1950) becomes King of Sweden (until 1950).
Norway:By the agreement of Kristiania, Germany, France, Great Britain and Russia guarantee
the existence of the kingdom; the Danish language is replaced by the Landsmål (Nynorsk,
new Norwegian)
Austria-Hungary:Proclamation of the universal right of vote; the parliament, incapable to
work, is dominated by a Slavic majority.
German Southwest Africa (Namibia):End of the war against the Nama and Herero (since 1904)
and establishment of a self-government.
Persia (Iran):End of the conflict between England and Russia by the agreement of St.
Petersburg: The country is divided in a Russian zone (in the Nord-West), a British zone (in the
South-East) and a neutral zone.